SMU, NUS and NTU are among tertiary institutions that are offering formal lessons on how popular culture is produced, distributed and consumed.  The Korean wave has been covered as part of the Popular Culture In Asia course at SMU since 2013.  SMU School of Social Sciences Adjunct Faculty Dr Brenda Chan, who teaches the course at SMU, said her students are interested to understand the "historical, political, economic and social contexts in which popular culture is produced, distributed and consumed". She noted that her students study and analyse popular culture with academic theories and concepts at university level. Class discussions range from the global marketing strategies of Korean talent agencies to the evolution of the K-pop sound.