n a commentary, SMU Associate Professor of Marketing (Education) Seshan Ramaswami discussed the recent simultaneous outage of Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp, and how this raises a lot of big questions for business, government and society. He noted that the rise of the super app has changed our lives – and livelihoods – as many of us depend on these social media sites to make a living. He urged for users to reduce their dependence on any one ecosystem, and suggested alternatives for consideration, to ensure they are not held hostage and scrambling for answers when the lights go out.