According the Public Cleanliness Satisfaction Survey 2018 conducted by SMU, Singaporeans are becoming more “prosocial” in their behaviour when it comes to public cleanliness.  Almost 48.7% of respondents reported returning their utensils and crockery most of the time after their meals in public spaces. "The culture of clearing our food is not consistent across all foodcourts and hawker centres –- we have to work towards making it a social norm," said SMU Dean of Students and Professor of Sociology Paulin Straughan, who led the survey. "Depending on cleaning services is unsustainable for Singapore's cleanliness in the long run," she added.